Plant Family

Strelitziaceae

Bird of Paradise · 1 genus covered · 3 varieties

Strelitzia is grown indoors primarily for its bold, paddle-shaped foliage. The genuinely bird-shaped orange and blue flowers that give the genus its common name are a multi-year reward rather than a reliable annual feature in most indoor settings. Plants typically take 3-5 years to reach flowering maturity, and flowering indoors is the exception rather than the rule without near-greenhouse light levels. The fleshy, vigorous root system is strong enough to crack plastic pots over time, which is why terracotta is generally recommended for mature specimens. All Strelitzia are mildly toxic to cats and dogs.

Form · Light · Difficulty
Safe for
Showing all varieties
Strelitzia|Bird of Paradise
3 varieties · South Africa · Upright, paddle-leaved, clumping
Strelitzia builds a thick, fleshy, vigorous root system that is strong enough to crack plastic pots as the plant matures, which is why terracotta is the better long-term choice for mature specimens. Counterintuitively, a slightly rootbound plant flowers more reliably than one given excessive room to grow; repotting too frequently or into too large a container can delay flowering by encouraging root and leaf growth over reproductive maturity. Plants generally take 3-5 years from a young specimen to reach flowering size, and indoor flowering requires near-maximum available light. All species are mildly toxic to cats and dogs.
Strelitzia reginae
Bird of Paradise
Bright Indirect to Direct Intermediate Mildly Toxic
Also known as
Bird of Paradise · Crane Flower
Care
Ideal — Bright Indirect to Direct Sun
Light
Low
Medium
Bright
Full Sun
Ideal — Regular
Water
Drought
Regular
High
Frequent
Description

Large, upright, paddle-shaped grey-green leaves on long petioles, forming an architectural clump that grows steadily larger with age. The famous orange and blue bird-shaped flowers are a genuine multi-year reward, typically requiring 3-5 years of growth and as much direct or near-direct light as the home can offer before flowering occurs, and even then indoor flowering is the exception rather than a reliable annual event. The foliage alone is striking enough to justify growing the plant regardless, and many indoor specimens are grown for years purely for the leaf form. A counterintuitive trick: a slightly rootbound plant flowers more reliably than one repotted too generously, since cramped roots encourage reproductive maturity over vegetative growth.

Detailed Care
Light for floweringAs much direct or near-direct sun as can be provided indoors. Without near-maximum light, the plant will grow well but rarely flower.
Pot choiceTerracotta recommended for mature plants, as the vigorous root system can crack plastic pots over time. Choose a pot only modestly larger than the current rootball.
RepottingAvoid repotting too frequently or sizing up too generously. A degree of root-bound stress encourages flowering over leaf growth.
WateringRegular during active growth, reduced in winter. Allow the top few centimetres to dry between waterings.
Cause of DeathInsufficient light causing slow decline and no flowering. Overwatering in winter. Cold drafts below 10°C.
Toxicity
CatsMildly Toxic
DogsMildly Toxic
BirdsNo data
RodentsNo data
ReptilesNo data
Causes nausea, vomiting, and mild drowsiness in cats and dogs if chewed or ingested.
Strelitzia nicolai
Giant White Bird of Paradise
Bright Indirect to Direct Intermediate Large Mildly Toxic
Care
Ideal — Bright, Some Direct
Light
Low
Medium
Bright
Full Sun
Ideal — Regular
Water
Drought
Regular
High
Frequent
Description

Considerably larger than reginae, with broad, banana-like leaves on tall, woody, tree-like stems that can reach ceiling height indoors given enough years and light. The white and blue flowers are even less likely to appear indoors than reginae's, given the plant's much larger ultimate scale and the correspondingly larger light requirement to trigger flowering maturity. Most commonly grown purely as a dramatic architectural foliage plant in large, bright rooms, atriums, and lobbies where its scale becomes an asset rather than a constraint. Requires considerably more floor and headroom space than reginae over time.

Toxicity
CatsMildly Toxic
DogsMildly Toxic
BirdsNo data
RodentsNo data
ReptilesNo data
Strelitzia juncea
Narrow-Leaf Bird of Paradise
Bright Indirect to Direct Intermediate Mildly Toxic
Care
Ideal — Bright, Some Direct
Light
Low
Medium
Bright
Full Sun
Ideal — Regular
Water
Drought
Regular
High
Frequent
Description

A striking departure from the broad-leaved reginae and nicolai. Juncea has narrow, rush-like, nearly cylindrical leaf blades that are dramatically reduced compared to the rest of the genus, giving the plant a sculptural, almost leafless appearance. The reduced leaf surface area makes it more drought-tolerant than other Strelitzia. Flowers are identical in form to reginae's orange and blue blooms. A distinctive choice for growers wanting the Strelitzia flower form with a completely different foliage silhouette.

Toxicity
CatsMildly Toxic
DogsMildly Toxic
BirdsNo data
RodentsNo data
ReptilesNo data